MENA CC is a research initiative focused to examine and analyze the implications of climate change and energy
prospects within the MENA region. Soaring energy demand driven by rapid population growth, increasing
urbanization and water desalination, are driving the region to burn growing amounts of its
hydrocarbon production to sustain this fast economic development.

The Environmental Solutions Initiative mobilizes the substantial scientific, engineering, policy, and design
capacity of MIT to create solutions totoday’s environmental challenges through diverse
activities in education, research, and convening.

Urban metabolism is the study of material and energy flows arising from urban socioeconomic activities and regional
and global biogeochemical processes.The characterization of these flows and the relationships
between anthropogenic urban activities and natural processes and cycles defines
the behavior of urban production and consumption.