Iran’s economy is largely based on the hydrocarbon sector, small-scale agriculture and services. The average annual population growth is almost 4%, but due to decreasing fertility levels, population growth decreased to 1.3% between 2006 and 2011. In 2013, Iran's CO2 emissions were 525.92 Mt representing 32% of total Middle East emissions. Total primary energy supply in 2013 was 228401 thousand tons of oil equivalent (ktoe), with 57% supplied from natural gas and 41% from oil. In 2008, Iran’s net electricity generation reached 214 TWh, growing an average of 8% per annum. Its total electricity demand is growing at 5 GW per year because of highly subsidized electricity rates of just US$0.02 cents per kW.